Pehea e koho ai i kahi mea hoʻokele uwea kūpono?

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea metala he nui e like me nā conductors uila, e hoʻopiha ana i ke kuleana o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hōʻailona ʻana i ka ʻikepili i nā uea uwea, akā ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka mea maʻamau. ʻOi ʻia ia no nā noi he nui no ka mea he malleable loa, he conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe, ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, ʻo ia ka mea i koho ʻia no nā noi he nui.
ʻO ka alumini kekahi mea conductor nona ka waiwai nui ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke keleawe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kāna conductivity uila maikaʻi ʻole ʻo ia ka mea e koi ʻia kahi ʻāpana keʻa nui e lawe i ka nui like o ke au. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole kūlou maikaʻi nā uea alumini, e alakaʻi ana i ka nui o ka haki ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā polokalamu kelepona. No kēia kumu, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka alumini i nā kaula hoʻoili ikehu a me nā kaula waena-voltage ma muli o nā koi kaumaha no ia mau noi.
Ma waena o nā metala, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea conductive he kālā, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ke keleawe. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kālā i nā noi kūikawā e koi ana i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka pono, e like me nā lako leo kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kekahi mea hoʻokele koho ʻē aʻe no nā uwea leo he uea keleawe i uhi ʻia i ke kālā, e hāʻawi ana i ka conductivity kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion. ʻAʻole kūpono ke gula ma ke ʻano he conductor ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me ka conductivity maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke kālā a me ke keleawe.

Aia kekahi mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka uila ma mua o ke keleawe a i ʻole ka alumini, a i ka nānā mua ʻana, ʻaʻole kūpono ia e like me ka mea conductor. Eia naʻe, uaʻikeʻia e kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai tensile - ke kila. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila i nā noi koa a me ka aerospace, pinepine i ka hui pū ʻana me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me nā alumini alumini.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea hoʻokele metala, aia nā fiber optical a i ʻole nā ​​alakaʻi nalu. Ua kūpono kēia mau mea no ka hoʻouna wikiwiki ʻana o nā hōʻailona optical. Loaʻa iā lākou he aniani quartz a i ʻole ka fiber plastic core. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hope a no laila maʻalahi ke kulou. Noho ka fiber core i loko o kahi pale pale, i kapa ʻia he cladding. Hōʻike ʻia ke kukui ma waena o ke kumu optical a me ka pale a pēlā e hoʻouna ʻia i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma o ka nalu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā alakaʻi nalu Optical i nā ʻano noi like ʻole e like me ke kelepona, lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka aerospace. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouna i nā ʻea uila.

ʻO ke koho o ka mea conductor maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka noi kikoʻī a me nā kūlana e kū nei. I mea e hiki ai ke noʻonoʻo pono i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o kēlā me kēia mea, pono e hoʻomaopopo i nā waiwai o ka mea. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ke kaula, e like me ke ʻano stranding, cross-sectional area, insulation a me nā mea sheath he mea nui hoʻi. No kēia kumu, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a nā loea kelepona i ke koho ʻana i nā kaula a me nā uea e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi āpau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā.